Graphene Powder

Graphene powder is a powdered material processed from graphene, a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial. Graphene consists of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice through sp² hybridized orbitals. Graphene powder is produced by various methods, such as physical grinding and chemical exfoliation, resulting in a fine powder form. Its primary component is high-purity carbon, although trace amounts of other chemicals used in processing may remain, typically within acceptable quality standards.

Physical Properties

Graphene powder typically appears as a black or dark gray powder with an extremely fine texture and good flowability. It has a nanoscale particle size and a very large specific surface area, which endows it with numerous unique physical properties. Graphene powder exhibits excellent electrical properties, with an extremely high carrier mobility and conductivity comparable to that of copper. It also has a high thermal conductivity, making it an outstanding thermal conductor capable of rapidly transferring heat. Additionally, it demonstrates remarkable mechanical properties, including high strength and flexibility, making it resistant to breakage even under significant external forces.

Chemical Properties

Graphene powder is chemically stable and does not readily react with common acids and bases under normal conditions. However, it can undergo chemical changes under extreme conditions, such as in the presence of strong oxidizing agents or at high temperatures. For example, it may be oxidized in an oxygen-rich environment at high temperatures. Moreover, graphene powder can be chemically modified by attaching specific functional groups to its surface, altering its chemical reactivity to enhance its compatibility with other materials or participating in specific chemical reactions, thereby expanding its range of applications.

Special Properties

Quantum Hall Effect

Under low-temperature and strong magnetic field conditions, graphene powder exhibits the quantum Hall effect. This unique physical phenomenon is of significant value in fundamental physics research and the development of new electronic devices, providing an important theoretical and experimental basis for exploring the laws of the microscopic world and developing high-performance electronic components.

Transparency and Conductivity

Graphene powder combines optical transparency with excellent electrical conductivity. This dual property makes it an ideal material for the fabrication of transparent conductive films, meeting the special requirements of applications such as touch screens and display panels, which demand both conductivity and transparency.

Safety and Stability

Graphene powder is relatively safe and stable under normal use and proper storage conditions. Its properties can be maintained as long as it is not exposed to adverse environments such as high temperatures or strong oxidizing agents for extended periods. However, due to its nanoscale particle size, appropriate protective measures should be taken during production, processing, and use to prevent inhalation of excessive dust, which could pose potential risks to the respiratory system.

Application Scenarios

Electronics and Information Field

Electronic Component Manufacturing

Graphene powder can be used to manufacture electronic components such as transistors and integrated circuits. Its excellent electrical properties enhance the operating speed and reduce the energy consumption of electronic devices, thereby improving overall performance. For example, it can significantly increase the processing speed and battery life of electronic devices like smartphones and computers, playing a crucial role in advancing the electronics industry.

Transparent Conductive Film Fabrication

It is an ideal material for producing transparent conductive films used in touch screens, liquid crystal displays, and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays. Graphene powder ensures high conductivity while maintaining optical transparency, resulting in more responsive touch operations and clearer display quality, greatly enhancing user experience.

Energy Field

Battery Electrode Material

Graphene powder serves as an electrode material in lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. It improves the conductivity of electrodes and increases the attachment area for active materials, thereby enhancing battery performance. For example, it can increase the charging and discharging rates, capacity, and cycle life of batteries, which is significant for applications such as electric vehicles and portable electronic devices that demand high-performance batteries.

Energy Conversion Material

In solar cells and other energy conversion devices, graphene powder promotes the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. This helps convert solar energy into electricity more efficiently, promoting the utilization and development of clean energy.

Composite Materials Field

Reinforcement Material

When added to plastics, rubber, ceramics, and metals, graphene powder forms high-performance composite materials. It significantly enhances the mechanical strength of plastics, making them more durable; improves the elasticity and wear resistance of rubber; and enhances the toughness and conductivity of ceramics and metals. This expands the application range of traditional materials, such as in the manufacturing of high-performance aerospace and automotive components.

Thermal Conductive Material

Graphene powder is used to produce thermally conductive composite materials. Its excellent thermal conductivity improves the heat dissipation capabilities of these materials, making them suitable for applications such as thermal management systems and heat dissipation modules in electronic devices. This ensures that devices can operate at normal temperatures without performance degradation or damage due to overheating.

Biomedical Field

Biosensors

Graphene powder can be used to fabricate biosensors. Leveraging its specific interactions with biomolecules and excellent electrical properties, it can rapidly and sensitively detect various biomarkers in the body, such as glucose, proteins, and nucleic acids. This provides strong technical support for early disease diagnosis and monitoring, with broad prospects in clinical medicine and disease prevention.

Drug Carrier

As a drug carrier, graphene powder can load drug molecules through physical adsorption or chemical modification and release them selectively at target sites within the body. This enhances drug efficacy and reduces side effects on normal tissues, offering an effective pathway for the development of new drug delivery systems, especially for the treatment of serious diseases such as cancer.

Environmental Protection Field

Wastewater Treatment

Graphene powder can be used as an adsorbent in wastewater treatment. Its large specific surface area enables it to efficiently adsorb heavy metal ions and organic pollutants from water, purifying the water quality. It has potential applications in treating industrial and domestic wastewater, contributing to improved water quality.

Air Purification

Graphene powder can be used to produce air purification materials. It can adsorb harmful gases such as formaldehyde and benzene from the air and capture fine particulate matter, thereby purifying the air. It can be applied in indoor air purification and industrial exhaust gas treatment.